precise geoid determination on islands suffers from the lack of accurate gravity data on the open seas. nowadays, sub-microgal accuracy for the land gravity observations is obtainable. but the sea gravity data which are collected via shipborne techniques, due to the measuring environment at sea area, are usually highly noisy and are contaminated with various systematic errors. on the other hand...

nowadays, combination of gps heights with orthometric heights, derived from precise leveling, is broadly used to obtain point-wise solutions of the geoid, which is called “gps/leveling geoid”. the “gps/leveling geoid” is commonly used to constrain the gravimetric geoid solutions in a least squares surface fitting process. in this paper, unlike the usual application, the “gps/leveling geoid” is ...

the simple method for height determination is spirit leveling. the leveled height differences are path-dependent. ergo height from spirit leveling is not unique. the problem can be solved by converting the path-dependent leveled height differences into unique path-independent height differences (vanicek and krakiwsky, 1986). the difference between the potentials of two close equipotential surfa...

Using satellite altimetry derived mean sea level (MSL), geopotential coefficients in terms of ellipsoidal harmonics from recent satellite gravimetry missions, gravity potential values over a grid consisting of 33,486 points at global sea areas are computed and the mean value of the gravity potential at MSL is calculated as a new geoid’s potential value. In this way we have exactly followed the ...

gravity acceleration data have grand pursuit for marine applications. due to environmental effects, marine gravity observations always hold a high noise level. in this paper, we propose an approach to produce marine gravity data using satellite altimetry, high-resolution geopotential models and harmonic splines. on the one hand, harmonic spline functions have great capability for local gravity ...

using satellite altimetry derived mean sea level (msl), geopotential coefficients in terms of ellipsoidal harmonics from recent satellite gravimetry missions, gravity potential values over a grid consisting of 33,486 points at global sea areas are computed and the mean value of the gravity potential at msl is calculated as a new geoid’s potential value. in this way we have exactly followed the ...